Understanding of Bipolar Disorder: Shedding Light on its Complexity

Bipolar disorder is more than just mood swings—it’s a profound physiological condition that affects millions worldwide. In Episode 13 of the PsyMood Podcast, “Deciphering Bipolar Disorder: Navigating and Revealing its Complexity” host Sally Seiriki, and Kely Cruz, Therapist illuminated the nuances of this disorder, offering valuable insights into its diagnosis, treatment, and impact on individuals and their loved ones.

What is Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder is a class of mood disorders that is marked by dramatic changes in mood, energy and behaviour. 3 to 5% of the adult population and is equally distributed between men and women. The key characteristic of people with bipolar disorder is alternating between episodes of mania (extremely elevated mood) and depression (extreme sadness). 

Kely’s expertise in bipolar disorder, honed over years of clinical practice, provided listeners with a deeper understanding of the condition. She clarified that bipolar disorder is not a reflection of personality but rather a complex interplay of genetic, biological, and environmental factors. The importance of accurate diagnosis often eludes individuals for years due to the intricate nature of the disorder.

“Bipolar disorder is rooted in physiological changes in the brain, dispelling the notion that it’s merely a personality trait,” emphasized by Kely Cruz

How is Bipolar Disorder diagnosed?

Bipolar disorder is a mental health disorder and there is no simple way to diagnose this disorder.  Comprehensive evaluation by both psychotherapists and psychiatrists, coupled with vigilant monitoring of mood changes and symptoms. Kely emphasized the importance of understanding the varied presentations of bipolar disorder, from depressive episodes to manic or hypomanic phases, each necessitating tailored treatment approaches.

Bipolar disorder encompasses depressive episodes marked by prolonged sadness and low energy, as well as manic or hypomanic phases characterized by euphoria, impulsivity, and sometimes psychosis. These episodes can last from hours to months. The mood disturbances are severe enough to affect the person’s ability to function.

The experience of mania can be very frightening and lead to impulsive behaviour that has serious consequences for the person and the family  Many people who are experiencing these manic to depressive episodes may not even realize that what they are experiencing is a disorder.   

Due to its complexities, accurate diagnosis of bipolar disorder often takes years, with misdiagnosis posing risks of inappropriate treatments exacerbating symptoms.  Routine medical checkups coupled with vigilant monitoring of mood changes and symptoms,  and having a conversation with a mental health specialist may help with the intervention through therapy and medical professionals.

Bipolar Disorder and Gender

There is no bias between genders and bipolar disorder, the statistics of diagnosis are pretty equal between the genders. However, there is a big difference in the risk of bipolar II/hypomania, rapid cycling and mixed episodes in women. In comparison, men may exhibit bipolar I with full manic episodes.

The impact of gender on bipolar disorder, and the unique challenges faced by women, particularly during hormonal fluctuations such as menstruation, pregnancy, and menopause. Through Kely’s compassionate guidance, she offered practical advice for caregivers and loved ones, stressing the importance of education, support, and self-care in navigating the complexities of bipolar disorder.

Bipolar Disorder and Caregivers

The Most valuable advice for caregivers, emphasizing the need for education, support, and self-care, and recognizing the emotional challenges of caregiving. Self-care like setting healthy boundaries, looking after your needs, creating a daily routine, making positive affirmations, and being part of a community are great examples of self-care. In addition, talking to a mental health specialist who understands bipolar disorders will help pivot on the positive and even emerge with tips and ideas you can incorporate into your daily life.

The resilience of individuals living with bipolar disorder and the critical role of community and understanding in their journey toward wellness. Advocating and educating the community and families will strengthen the support around the caregiver and the person living with the disorder.

Kely’s dedication to destigmatizing and demystifying bipolar disorder resonated deeply, leaving an indelible mark on listeners and inspiring hope for a brighter future for those affected by this condition.

In essence, Episode 13 served as a beacon of understanding and compassion, reaffirming the importance of empathy, education, and advocacy in supporting individuals with bipolar disorder on their path to healing and recovery.